Rejection Sensitive Dysphoria (RSD)

What is Rejection Sensitive Dysphoria (RSD)?

Rejection Sensitive Dysphoria (RSD) is characterised by extreme emotional reactions to real or perceived rejection. These reactions have been described as “immense emotional pain from real or perceived failure to meet others’ expectations.” Reactions can be internalised, like feelings of low self-esteem and self-criticism, or they can be externalised, like responding to someone by bursting into tears or with anger.

What are the common characteristics of Rejection Sensitive Dysphoria (RSD)?

Currently RSD is not an official diagnosis recognised by the The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), which means there are no specific diagnostic criteria due to RSD not having an official diagnosis. There also is not much research about RSD, however clinicians and individuals who experience RSD often describe the following characteristics:

• You are often described as “too sensitive”

• You often perceive criticism or feedback as rejection

• And you may respond to feedback with anger or emotional outbursts

• You have low self-esteem/self-worth

• You are a “people pleaser”

• You constantly replay social situations in your head so you can figure out what you did “wrong”

• You avoid getting close to people altogether

• You often fear disappointing others

• You have a fear of making mistakes

• You avoid situations where you are likely to make mistakes (e.g., trying a new activity)

• You feel embarrassment or shame when given feedback

• You fear being judged by others even when doing everyday activities

RSD & ADHD & Autism

RSD is commonly recognised as a trait of ADHD and Autism even though it is not officially listed in the diagnostic criteria.

It is believed that individuals with ADHD or Autism tend to experience stronger emotional reactions. More research is required as we have identified RSD is not currently part of the DSM.